Establishing shot:

  • It is wide enough to establish the (big picture)
    • geography
    • time of day
    • scale of subject in relation to environment

Master shot:

  • It establishes location and geography of the scene.
  • It also clarifies which characters are in the scene and where they are in relation to each other.

Wide shot:

  • It positions subject far from the camera to visually represent their relationship to the environment.
  • It is distinct from Establishing shot which is about location. But this is about subject.
  • It can be used to make subject appear lost or overwhelmed or comment on the relationship of the subject to the environment.

Full shot:

  • When a subject entire body reaches from the top to the bottom edges of the frame, the shot is defined as full.
  • Use it when you need to make statements about a subject’s physicality and present a character in all their glory.

Medium full shot / Cowboy:

  • When you want to show a subject as confident, dangerous or confrontational.

Medium shot:

  • Above the waist and below the chest and ends just above the head.
  • Its a neutral one. It captures the subject in a size similar to how we interact with people.
  • Use it when you need to dig into a subject’s eyes without loosing their physicality or environment.

Medium close up:

  • Mid chest to just above the head.
  • It is about reducing distractions and prioritising story and character details.
  • Use it when you need to get intimate with the subject without loosing their physicality.

Close up:

  • The most powerful visual weapon for highlighting a change in emotion or dramatic beat on screen.
  • They are most often arranged at eye level.
  • Better to dig into the windows of the soul.
  • The close up is about empathy and illustrates how dramatically effective it can be in a time of decision or anxiety.

Extreme close up:

  • It frames a subject to isolate a specific area.
  • Insert shots:
    • To highlight and isolate something crucial to the narrative.
  • Its a tool for emphasis. It is the most intimate, dramatic and potentially startling of all.